When ready, tip the baking soda from the balloon into the bottle and watch the reaction occur. Baking soda is a base and vinegar is an acid. When the two materials mix, a chemical reaction occurs and the byproduct is carbon dioxide gas.
It is the gas that causes the balloon to inflate. First the vinegar will fizz, then the balloon will start to inflate! What other science activities can you think to try? The pressure gradient between this region and the surrounding pressure will propel matter toward the low-pressure area. How Products are Made Balloon. Balloon in a Bottle. Twisting Balloons How Balloons are Manufactured. Objectives Explain how balloons are inflated.
Describe the basic properties of balloons. Materials See individual activities for materials Background A balloon can be defined as an inflatable flexible bag filled with a gas, such as helium, hydrogen, nitrous oxide, oxygen, or air. Vocabulary air pressure — The force of air particles against a surface.
Related Resources Air In these activities students explore the impressive force of air and learn how air pressure affects their daily lives. We believe that now, more than ever, the world needs people who care about science. Help us fund the future and next generation of problem solvers, wonder seekers, world changers and nerds. Donate Now. Did the distance between the two lines change? If so, how did it change? What does this tell you about whether the size of the balloon changed?
Why do you think this is? Then measure the distance between the two lines on balloon number 2, which stayed at room temperature. Overall, how did the balloon change size when placed in the freezer? What do your results tell you about how gases expand and contract as temperature changes?
Extra: After taking balloon number 1 out of the freezer leave it at room temperature for at least 45 minutes to let it warm up. Then remeasure the distance between the lines. How has the balloon changed size after warming up, if it changed at all? Extra: Try this activity again but instead of putting balloon number 1 in the freezer, put it in a hot place for 45 minutes, such as outdoors on a hot day or inside a car on a warm day.
Just make sure the balloon is not in direct sunlight or near a hot lamp, as this can deflate the balloon by letting the gas escape. Does the balloon change size when put in a hot place? If so, how? Extra: In this activity you used air from your lungs but other gases might behave differently. You could try this activity again but this time fill the balloons with helium.
How does using helium affect how the balloon changes size when placed in a freezer? Build a Cooler. Get smart. Sign up for our email newsletter. Sign Up. Support science journalism. Knowledge awaits. See Subscription Options Already a subscriber? Create Account See Subscription Options. Continue reading with a Scientific American subscription.
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