Contact a CKD dietitian in your area. Skip to main content. Nutrition and Kidney Disease, Stages Video: What should I eat if I have chronic kidney disease? People on dialysis will often have to avoid foods high in phosphate. This is especially the case for those undergoing haemodialysis, although often people use special tablets called phosphate binders to help with this. Those on peritoneal dialysis may also need to avoid high phosphate foods.
The restrictions are usually far less strict, though. In this case, your doctor or dietitian might recommend certain supplements. You may find extra vitamins and minerals helpful if you experience any of the following:. When living with chronic kidney disease, managing what you eat and drink can be a challenge; however, your diet can also positively influence how you feel, and what other treatments you might need.
It is important to recognise that as kidney disease progresses your dietary needs will more than likely change. It is also important to recognise that every person with kidney disease is different and has different food preferences and dietary needs.
An Accredited Practising Dietitian experienced in kidney disease is the best person to speak to about what food and drinks are best for you. The Dietitian will assess what you are currently eating and advise if changes are needed. Your GP or Nephrologist may make a referral to a renal dietitian. The Dietitians Association of Australia can provide names and contact details of local renal dietitians. Call or visit www. For more information and to get the most out of your appointment with the Dietitian see our Nutrition and Kidney Disease fact sheet.
Looking for more kidney friendly recipes and meals? Dangerous heart rhythms may result, which can lead to death. Fruits and vegetables contain large amounts of potassium, and for that reason should be avoided to maintain a healthy heart. People with advanced kidney failure also have anemia and usually need extra iron. Many foods contain extra iron liver, beef, pork, chicken, lima and kidney beans, iron-fortified cereals.
Talk to your provider or dietitian about which foods with iron you can eat because of your kidney disease. Fouque D, Mitch WE. Dietary approaches to kidney diseases. Brenner and Rector's The Kidney. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; chap Mitch WE. Chronic kidney disease. Goldman-Cecil Medicine. Updated September Accessed July 26, National Kidney Foundation.
Dietary guidelines for adults starting on hemodialysis. Updated April Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Editorial team.
Diet - chronic kidney disease. If your provider has recommended a low-protein diet, you may replace the calories from protein with: Fruits, breads, grains, and vegetables. These foods provide energy, as well as fiber, minerals, and vitamins.
Often for healthy individuals, whole wheat bread is usually recommended over refined, white flour bread. Whole wheat bread may be a more nutritious choice, mostly due to its higher fiber content. However, white bread is usually recommended over whole wheat varieties for individuals with kidney disease. This is because of its phosphorus and potassium content. The more bran and whole grains in the bread, the higher the phosphorus and potassium contents.
For example, a 1-ounce gram serving of whole wheat bread contains about 57 mg of phosphorus and 69 mg of potassium. In comparison, white bread contains only 28 mg of both phosphorus and potassium 13 , Eating one slice of whole wheat bread instead of two can help lower your potassium and phosphorus intake without having to give up whole wheat bread entirely.
White bread is typically recommended over whole wheat bread on a renal diet due to its lower phosphorus and potassium levels. Like whole wheat bread, brown rice is a whole grain that has a higher potassium and phosphorus content than its white rice counterpart. One cup of cooked brown rice contains mg of phosphorus and mg of potassium, while 1 cup of cooked white rice contains only 69 mg of phosphorus and 54 mg of potassium 16 , You may be able to fit brown rice into a renal diet, but only if the portion is controlled and balanced with other foods to avoid an excessive daily intake of potassium and phosphorus.
Bulgur, buckwheat, pearled barley, and couscous are nutritious, lower phosphorus grains that can make a good substitute for brown rice. Brown rice has a high content of phosphorus and potassium and will likely need to be portion-controlled or limited on a renal diet. White rice, bulgur, buckwheat, and couscous are all good alternatives.
Bananas are known for their high potassium content. If you have been instructed to limit your potassium intake, it may be difficult to do so if a banana is a daily staple.
However, pineapples contain substantially less potassium than other tropical fruits and can be a more suitable yet tasty alternative Bananas are a rich source of potassium and may need to be limited on a renal diet.
Pineapple is a kidney-friendly fruit, as it contains much less potassium than certain other tropical fruits. Dairy products are rich in various vitamins and nutrients. For example, 1 cup mL of whole milk provides mg of phosphorus and mg of potassium Yet, consuming too much dairy, in conjunction with other phosphorus-rich foods, can be detrimental to bone health in those with kidney disease. This may sound surprising, as milk and dairy are often recommended for strong bones and muscle health.
However, when the kidneys are damaged, too much phosphorus consumption can cause a buildup of phosphorus in the blood, which can pull calcium from your bones. This can make your bones thin and weak over time and increase your risk of bone breakage or fracture Dairy products are also high in protein. One cup mL of whole milk provides about 8 grams of protein Dairy products contain high amounts of phosphorus, potassium, and protein and should be limited on a renal diet.
One large orange grams provides mg of potassium. Moreover, there are mg of potassium in 1 cup mL of orange juice 22 , Given their potassium content, oranges and orange juice likely need to be avoided or limited on a renal diet.
Grapes, apples, and cranberries, as well as their respective juices, are all good substitutes for oranges and orange juice, as they have lower potassium contents. Oranges and orange juice are high in potassium and should be limited on a renal diet. Try grapes, apples, cranberries, or their juices instead.
Processed meats have long been associated with chronic diseases and are generally considered unhealthy due to their preservative contents 24 , Processed meats typically contain large amounts of salt, mostly to improve their taste and preserve flavor.
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