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This is the standard surgical treatment for GERD. It tightens and reinforces the LES. The upper part of the stomach is wrapped around the outside of the lower esophagus to strengthen the sphincter.
Fundoplication can be performed as an open surgery. During an open surgery, the surgeon makes a long incision in your stomach to access the esophagus. It can also be performed as laparoscopic surgery. This type of surgery involves several smaller incisions. Miniaturized instruments are used to make the process less invasive. The preparation for this surgery is typical of that for any surgical procedure.
It may include:. Ask your doctor for specific preparation instructions, as they may differ due to your individual medical history. This procedure is used when open fundoplication is not appropriate. It creates a barrier between the stomach and the esophagus. The barrier prevents reflux of stomach acid.
A device called an EsophyX is inserted through your mouth. It creates several folds at the base of the esophagus. The folds form a new valve. Since it does not require incisions, this can be a good option for people with GERD. If medications do not relieve your GERD, but you do not want more invasive surgery, this may be an option you prefer.
The preparation for this surgery is similar to that of the preparation for fundoplication, but may not require as many steps. Check with your doctor about the right preparations for you. This procedure is performed with an endoscope. It is usually done as an outpatient procedure. This is a thin, flexible tube that can be threaded into your esophagus. An electrode at the end of the tube heats your esophageal tissue and creates tiny cuts in it.
The cuts form scar tissue in the esophagus. This blocks the nerves that respond to refluxed acid. The scar tissue that forms also helps strengthen the surrounding muscles. This procedure shows effectiveness in relieving or even eliminating the symptoms of GERD. However, this is still a fairly new procedure, so long-term results are unknown.
The preparation for this procedure is much like preparing for fundoplication. But, you should check with your doctor about the correct preparations for you. This procedure is generally less expensive than fundoplication. This system also uses an endoscope. Stitches are made to form pleats in the LES. This strengthens the LES. There are many changes you can make to your lifestyle that can help to relieve or reduce symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease GERD.
These are some suggestions. If you smoke or chew tobacco, stop. The nicotine from tobacco relaxes the valve between the esophagus and stomach lower esophageal sphincter. This can allow stomach acid and juices, the chemicals that break down food in the stomach, to back up reflux into the esophagus, which causes heartburn.
Because the nicotine in tobacco is addicting, stopping the use of tobacco is more difficult than simply changing a habit. Those who successfully quit using tobacco usually use a combination of strategies that may include:. Using more than one of these strategies greatly improves your chances of successfully quitting.
Quitting tobacco use may require several attempts. For more information, see the topic Quitting Smoking. Developing healthier eating habits, losing weight if necessary, and avoiding foods that increase symptoms of GERD may make heartburn less likely to occur. Take your spouse or partner along with you when you go to your doctor to discuss diet habits. It will be easier to make changes in your diet if your family understands what you need to do and why. Changes you may want to make include avoiding chocolate, peppermint, and alcohol.
These can all make GERD worse by relaxing the valve between the esophagus and the stomach. It also may be a good idea to eat smaller, more frequent meals. If you are overweight, lose weight.
Being overweight puts additional pressure on your stomach and increases the likelihood of heartburn occurring. Losing just 5 to 10 pounds can help. Certain foods can be associated with reflux. Though they will not cause GERD, eating these foods can make the symptoms worse, and avoiding them can help reduce heartburn.
These include citrus fruits, mint such as peppermint and spearmint , fatty and fried foods, garlic and onions, spicy foods, and tomato-based foods like spaghetti sauce and pizza.
Some people notice that their symptoms get worse after drinking coffee, tea, soda, or anything with caffeine.
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